GRADE 12
Titanium & Titanium Alloy Grades
Grade 12
Titanium Grade 12, also known as Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni, is a titanium alloy specifically designed to offer enhanced corrosion resistance, particularly in high-temperature and highly corrosive environments.
Common Grade 12 Products
Titanium Bar
Titanium Sheet
Key characteristics and properties of Titanium Grade 12:
Composition
The chemical composition of Titanium Grade 12 is as follows:
- Titanium (Ti): Approximately 98%
- Molybdenum (Mo): 0.3%
- Nickel (Ni): 0.8%
Titanium Grade 12 is a specialized alloy designed for challenging environments where both corrosion resistance and high-temperature performance are critical. It is especially valued in the chemical processing, marine, and power generation industries.
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Corrosion Resistance:
- Enhanced Resistance: The addition of molybdenum and nickel significantly boosts the alloy’s resistance to crevice corrosion and pitting, particularly in hot brines and chloride-containing environments.
- Reducing Acid Environments: Exhibits superior performance in reducing acids like sulfuric and hydrochloric acids.
- High-Temperature Performance: Maintains excellent corrosion resistance at elevated temperatures, making it suitable for hot, acidic conditions.
Mechanical Properties:
- Tensile Strength: Approximately 483 MPa (70 ksi), offering moderate strength comparable to commercially pure titanium grades.
- Ductility: Possesses good ductility, facilitating ease in forming and fabrication processes.
- Weldability: Exhibits excellent weldability, similar to other titanium alloys, though standard precautions for welding titanium should be observed to prevent contamination.
Physical Properties:
- Density: ~4.51 g/cm³, providing an excellent strength-to-weight ratio.
- Melting Point: Around 1660°C (3020°F), ensuring stability under high-temperature conditions.
- Thermal Conductivity: Relatively low compared to other metals, which can be advantageous in specific applications.
Formability:
- Titanium Grade 12 is known for its good formability, allowing for various fabrication methods, including cold forming, hot forming, and machining.
Applications
Chemical Processing: Ideal for equipment handling hot, highly acidic, or chloride-rich media, such as heat exchangers, reactors, and piping systems.
Power Generation: Utilized in power plant components, especially those exposed to high-temperature corrosive environments.
Marine Environments: Suitable for marine applications due to its resistance to seawater corrosion, including ballast water systems and offshore oil and gas production.
Desalination Plants: Employed in desalination equipment where high resistance to brine and chlorides is essential.
Aerospace: Used in aircraft components requiring high corrosion resistance.
Cost: The inclusion of alloying elements like molybdenum and nickel increases the cost compared to commercially pure titanium grades.
Availability: May be less readily available than more common grades like Grades 2 and 5, potentially affecting lead times and cost.
Strength: While offering improved corrosion resistance, its strength is lower than that of high-strength titanium alloys like Grade 5.
Comparison to Other Grades:
Versus Grade 2 (Commercially Pure Titanium): While Grade 2 offers excellent corrosion resistance, Grade 12 provides enhanced resistance, particularly in hot, acidic, or chloride-rich environments, due to the addition of molybdenum and nickel.
Versus Grade 7 (Ti-0.2Pd): Both Grades 7 and 12 are designed for superior corrosion resistance; however, their optimal performance environments differ. Grade 7 excels against reducing acids due to palladium, whereas Grade 12’s molybdenum and nickel additions offer better resistance in certain hot, acidic conditions.
Versus Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V): Grade 5 is known for its high strength but has lower corrosion resistance compared to Grade 12. Thus, Grade 12 is chosen for applications where corrosion resistance is paramount over strength.
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