ASTM B861

Titanium and Titanium Alloy Seamless Pipe

ASTM B861 is a standard specification for titanium and titanium alloy seamless pipe. It covers the chemical and mechanical requirements for six grades of titanium and titanium alloy pipe, designated as Grades 1, 2, 3, 7, 9, and 11. The standard also includes requirements for heat treatment, testing, and inspection of the pipe. The purpose of ASTM B861 is to ensure that titanium and titanium alloy pipe produced by manufacturers meet a set of minimum requirements for their intended use in various industrial applications.

Chemical Composition

Permissible Variations

Chemical Composition

Grade	Nitrogen, max	Carbon, max	Hydrogen,B,C max	Iron, max	Oxygen, max	Aluminum	Vanadium	Tin	Ruthenium	Palladium	Cobalt	Molybdenum	Chromium	Nickel	Niobium	Zirconium	Silicon	Residuals,D,E,F	Residuals,D,E,F	TitaniumG
1	0.03	0.08	0.015	0.2	0.18													0.1	0.4	Balance
2	0.03	0.08	0.015	0.3	0.25													0.1	0.4	Balance
3	0.05	0.08	0.015	0.3	0.35													0.1	0.4	Balance
5	0.05	0.08	0.015	0.4	0.2	5.5–6.75	3.5–4.5											0.1	0.4	Balance
7	0.03	0.08	0.015	0.3	0.25					0.12–0.25								0.1	0.4	Balance
9	0.03	0.08	0.015	0.25	0.15	2.5–3.5	2.0–3.0											0.1	0.4	Balance
11	0.03	0.08	0.015	0.2	0.18					0.12–0.25								0.1	0.4	Balance
12	0.03	0.08	0.015	0.3	0.25							0.2–0.4		0.6–0.9				0.1	0.4	Balance
13	0.03	0.08	0.015	0.2	0.1				0.04–0.06					0.4–0.6				0.1	0.4	Balance
14	0.03	0.08	0.015	0.3	0.15				0.04–0.06					0.4–0.6				0.1	0.4	Balance
15	0.05	0.08	0.015	0.3	0.25				0.04–0.06					0.4–0.6				0.1	0.4	Balance
16	0.03	0.08	0.015	0.3	0.25					0.04–0.08								0.1	0.4	Balance
17	0.03	0.08	0.015	0.2	0.18					0.04–0.08								0.1	0.4	Balance
18	0.03	0.08	0.015	0.25	0.15	2.5–3.5	2.0–3.0			0.04–0.08								0.1	0.4	Balance
19	0.03	0.05	0.02	0.3	0.12	3.0–4.0	7.5–8.5					3.5–4.5	5.5–6.5			3.5–4.5		0.15	0.4	Balance
20	0.03	0.05	0.02	0.3	0.12	3.0–4.0	7.5–8.5			0.04–0.08		3.5–4.5	5.5–6.5			3.5–4.5		0.15	0.4	Balance
21	0.03	0.05	0.015	0.4	0.17	2.5–3.5						14.0–16.0			2.2–3.2		0.15–0.25	0.1	0.4	Balance
23	0.03	0.08	0.0125	0.25	0.13	5.5–6.5	3.5–4.5											0.1	0.4	Balance
24	0.05	0.08	0.015	0.4	0.2	5.5–6.75	3.5–4.5			0.04–0.08								0.1	0.4	Balance
25	0.05	0.08	0.0125	0.4	0.2	5.6–6.75	3.5–4.5			0.04–0.08				0.3–0.8				0	0.4	Balance
26	0.03	0.08	0.015	0.3	0.25				0.08–0.14									0.1	0.4	Balance
27	0.03	0.08	0.015	0.2	0.18				0.08–0.14									0.1	0.4	Balance
28	0.03	0.08	0.015	0.25	0.15	2.5–3.5	2.0–3.0		0.08–0.14									0.1	0.4	Balance
29	0.03	0.08	0.015	0.25	0.13	5.5-6.5	3.5-4.5		0.08-0.14									0.1	0.4	Balance
30	0.03	0.08	0.015	0.3	0.25					0.04–0.08	0.20–0.80							0.1	0.4	Balance
31	0.05	0.08	0.015	0.3	0.35					0.04–0.08	0.20–0.80							0.1	0.4	Balance
32	0.03	0.08	0.015	0.25	0.11	4.5-5.5	0.6-1.4	0.6-1.4				0.6-1.2				0.6-1.4	0.06-0.14	0.1	0.4	Balance
33	0.03	0.08	0.015	0.3	0.25				0.02-0.04	0.01-0.02			0.1-0.2	0.35-0.55				0.1	0.4	Balance
34	0.05	0.08	0.015	0.3	0.35				0.02-0.04	0.01-0.02			0.1-0.2	0.35-0.55				0.1	0.4	Balance
35	0.05	0.08	0.015	0.20-0.80	0.25	4.0-5.0	1.1-2.1					1.5-2.5					0.20-0.40	0.1	0.4	Balance
36	0.03	0.04	0.0035	0.03	0.16										42.0–47.0			0.1	0.4	Balance

Permissible Variations

Element	Product Analysis Limits, Permissible Variation max or Range %	Product Analysis Limits, Permissible Variation in Product Analysis
Aluminum	2.5 to 6.75	+/-0.40
Carbon	0.1	+ 0.02
Chromium	0.1 to 0.2	+/-0.02
Chromium	5.5 to 6.5	+/-0.30
Hydrogen	0.02	+ 0.002
Iron	0.8	+ 0.15
Molybdenum	0.2 to 0.4	+/-0.03
Molybdenum	1.5 to 4.5	+/-0.20
Molybdenum	14.0 to 16.0	+/-0.50
Nickel	0.3 to 0.9	+/-0.05
Niobium	2.2 to 3.2	+/-0.15
Niobium	>30	+/-0.50
Nitrogen	0.05	+ 0.02
Oxygen	0.3	+ 0.03
Oxygen	0.31 to 0.40	+/-0.04
Palladium	0.01 to 0.02	+/-0.002
Palladium	0.04 to 0.08	+/-0.005
Palladium	0.12 to 0.25	+/-0.02
Ruthenium	0.02 to 0.04	+/-0.005
Ruthenium	0.04 to 0.06	+/-0.005
Ruthenium	0.08 to 0.14	+/-0.01
Silicon	0.06 to 0.40	+/-0.02
Vanadium	2.0 to 4.5	+/-0.15
Vanadium	7.5 to 8.5	+/-0.40
Zirconium	3.5 to 4.5	+/-0.20
ResidualsA (each)	0.15	+ 0.02

Mechanical Properties

Tensile Requirements

Grade	Tensile Strength min ksi	Tensile Strength min Mpa	Yield Strength 0.2% Offset min KSI	Yield Strength 0.2% Offset min MPA	Yield Strength 0.2% Offset max KSI	Yield Strength 0.2% Offset max MPA	Elongation In 2 in. or 50 mm Min %	Under 0.070 in. (1.8 mm) in Thickness	0.070 to 0.187 in. (1.8–4.75 mm) in Thickness
1	35	240	25	170	45	310	24	3T	4T
2	50	345	40	275	65	450	20	4T	5T
3	65	450	55	380	80	550	18	4T	5T
4	80	550	70	483	95	655	15	5T	6T
5	130	895	120	828			10C	9T	10T
6	120	828	115	793			10C	8T	9T
7	50	345	40	275	65	450	20	4T	5T
9	90	620	70	483			15D	5T	6T
11	35	240	25	170	45	310	24	3T	4T
12	70	483	50	345			18	4T	5T
13	40	275	25	170			24	3T	4T
14	60	410	40	275			20	4T	5T
15	70	483	55	380			18	4T	5T
16	50	345	40	275	65	450	20	4T	5T
17	35	240	25	170	45	310	24	3T	4T
18	90	620	70	483			15D	5T	6T
19E,F	115	793	110	759			15	6T	6T
20E,F	115	793	110	759			15	6T	6T
21E,F	115	793	110	759			15	6T	6T
23E,F	120	828	110	759			10	9T	10T
24	130	895	120	828			10
25	130	895	120	828			10
26	50	345	40	275	65	450	20	4T	5T
27	35	240	25	170	45	310	24	3T	4T
28	90	620	70	483			15	5T	6T
29	120	828	110	759			10	9T	10T
30	50	345	40	275	65	450	20	4T	5T
31	65	450	55	380	80	550	18	4T	5T
32	100	689	85	586			10C	7T	9T
33	50	345	40	275	65	450	20	4T	5T
34	65	450	55	380	80	550	18	4T	5T
35	130	895	120	828			5	16T	16T
36	65	450	60	410	95	655	10	G	G

Dimensions Tolerances

Diameter

Nominal Outside Diameter (NPS)A	Permissible Variations in Outside Diameter – Over	Permissible Variations in Outside Diameter – Under
1⁄8 in. to 1 1⁄2 in. (3.2 mm to 38 mm)	1⁄64 in. (0.397 mm)	⁄ in. (0.794 mm)
over 11⁄2 in. to 4 in. (38 mm to 102 mm)	1⁄32 in. (0.794 mm)	1⁄32 in. (0.794 mm)
over 4 in. to 8 in. (102 mm to 203 mm)	1⁄16 in. (1.588 mm)	1⁄32 in. (0.794 mm)
over 8 in. to 18 in. (203 mm to 432mm	3⁄32 in. (2.382 mm)	1⁄32 in. (0.794 mm)

ASTM B861