ASTM B862
ASTM B862
Titanium and Titanium Alloy Welded Pipe
ASTM B862 is a standard specification developed by ASTM International that outlines the requirements for the production of welded titanium and titanium alloy tubes intended for various general purposes.
This specification is crucial in industries such as aerospace, chemical processing, and medical equipment manufacturing, where the unique properties of titanium—such as its high strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility—are particularly valued.
Key aspects include:
- Material Grades: Covers multiple grades of titanium and its alloys, each with specific properties.
- Manufacturing: Specifies welding methods like TIG, electron beam, or laser welding.
- Mechanical Properties: Defines required tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation.
- Chemical Composition: Sets limits on element content to ensure material quality.
- Testing: Requires tests like tensile, bend, and non-destructive testing to verify compliance.
| Grade | Nitrogen, max | Carbon, max | Hydrogen,B,C max | Iron, max | Oxygen, max | Aluminum | Vanadium | Tin | Ruthenium | Palladium | Cobalt | Molybdenum | Chromium | Nickel | Niobium | Zirconium | Silicon | Residuals,D,E,F | max each | Residuals,D,E,F | max total | TitaniumG |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.2 | 0.18 | 0.1 | 0.4 | Balance | ||||||||||||||
| 2 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.3 | 0.25 | 0.1 | 0.4 | Balance | ||||||||||||||
| 3 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.3 | 0.35 | 0.1 | 0.4 | Balance | ||||||||||||||
| 5 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 5.5–6.75 | 3.5–4.5 | 0.1 | 0.4 | Balance | ||||||||||||
| 7 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.3 | 0.25 | 0.12–0.25 | 0.1 | 0.4 | Balance | |||||||||||||
| 9 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.25 | 0.15 | 2.5–3.5 | 2.0–3.0 | 0.1 | 0.4 | Balance | ||||||||||||
| 11 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.2 | 0.18 | 0.12–0.25 | 0.1 | 0.4 | Balance | |||||||||||||
| 12 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.3 | 0.25 | 0.2–0.4 | 0.6–0.9 | 0.1 | 0.4 | Balance | ||||||||||||
| 13 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.04–0.06 | 0.4–0.6 | 0.1 | 0.4 | Balance | ||||||||||||
| 14 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.3 | 0.15 | 0.04–0.06 | 0.4–0.6 | 0.1 | 0.4 | Balance | ||||||||||||
| 15 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.3 | 0.25 | 0.04–0.06 | 0.4–0.6 | 0.1 | 0.4 | Balance | ||||||||||||
| 16 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.3 | 0.25 | 0.04–0.08 | 0.1 | 0.4 | Balance | |||||||||||||
| 17 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.2 | 0.18 | 0.04–0.08 | 0.1 | 0.4 | Balance | |||||||||||||
| 18 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.25 | 0.15 | 2.5–3.5 | 2.0–3.0 | 0.04–0.08 | 0.1 | 0.4 | Balance | |||||||||||
| 19 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.3 | 0.12 | 3.0–4.0 | 7.5–8.5 | 3.5–4.5 | 5.5–6.5 | 3.5–4.5 | 0.15 | 0.4 | Balance | |||||||||
| 20 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.3 | 0.12 | 3.0–4.0 | 7.5–8.5 | 0.04–0.08 | 3.5–4.5 | 5.5–6.5 | 3.5–4.5 | 0.15 | 0.4 | Balance | ||||||||
| 21 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.015 | 0.4 | 0.17 | 2.5–3.5 | 14.0–16.0 | 2.2–3.2 | 0.15–0.25 | 0.1 | 0.4 | Balance | ||||||||||
| 23 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.0125 | 0.25 | 0.13 | 5.5–6.5 | 3.5–4.5 | 0.1 | 0.4 | Balance | ||||||||||||
| 24 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 5.5–6.75 | 3.5–4.5 | 0.04–0.08 | 0.1 | 0.4 | Balance | |||||||||||
| 25 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.0125 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 5.6–6.75 | 3.5–4.5 | 0.04–0.08 | 0.3–0.8 | 0 | 0.4 | Balance | ||||||||||
| 26 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.3 | 0.25 | 0.08–0.14 | 0.1 | 0.4 | Balance | |||||||||||||
| 27 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.2 | 0.18 | 0.08–0.14 | 0.1 | 0.4 | Balance | |||||||||||||
| 28 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.25 | 0.15 | 2.5–3.5 | 2.0–3.0 | 0.08–0.14 | 0.1 | 0.4 | Balance | |||||||||||
| 29 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.25 | 0.13 | 5.5-6.5 | 3.5-4.5 | 0.08-0.14 | 0.1 | 0.4 | Balance | |||||||||||
| 30 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.3 | 0.25 | 0.04–0.08 | 0.20–0.80 | 0.1 | 0.4 | Balance | ||||||||||||
| 31 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.3 | 0.35 | 0.04–0.08 | 0.20–0.80 | 0.1 | 0.4 | Balance | ||||||||||||
| 32 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.25 | 0.11 | 4.5-5.5 | 0.6-1.4 | 0.6-1.4 | 0.6-1.2 | 0.6-1.4 | 0.06-0.14 | 0.1 | 0.4 | Balance | ||||||||
| 33 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.3 | 0.25 | 0.02-0.04 | 0.01-0.02 | 0.1-0.2 | 0.35-0.55 | 0.1 | 0.4 | Balance | ||||||||||
| 34 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.3 | 0.35 | 0.02-0.04 | 0.01-0.02 | 0.1-0.2 | 0.35-0.55 | 0.1 | 0.4 | Balance | ||||||||||
| 35 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.20-0.80 | 0.25 | 4.0-5.0 | 1.1-2.1 | 1.5-2.5 | 0.20-0.40 | 0.1 | 0.4 | Balance | ||||||||||
| 36 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.0035 | 0.03 | 0.16 | 42.0–47.0 | 0.1 | 0.4 | Balance |
| Element | max or Range, % | in Product Analysis |
|---|---|---|
| Aluminum | 2.5 to 6.75 | +/-0.40 |
| Carbon | 0.1 | + 0.02 |
| Chromium | 0.1 to 0.2 | +/-0.02 |
| Chromium | 5.5 to 6.5 | +/-0.30 |
| Hydrogen | 0.02 | + 0.002 |
| Iron | 0.8 | + 0.15 |
| Molybdenum | 0.2 to 0.4 | +/-0.03 |
| Molybdenum | 1.5 to 4.5 | +/-0.20 |
| Molybdenum | 14.0 to 16.0 | +/-0.50 |
| Nickel | 0.3 to 0.9 | +/-0.05 |
| Niobium | 2.2 to 3.2 | +/-0.15 |
| Niobium | >30 | +/-0.50 |
| Nitrogen | 0.05 | + 0.02 |
| Oxygen | 0.3 | + 0.03 |
| Oxygen | 0.31 to 0.40 | +/-0.04 |
| Palladium | 0.01 to 0.02 | +/-0.002 |
| Palladium | 0.04 to 0.08 | +/-0.005 |
| Palladium | 0.12 to 0.25 | +/-0.02 |
| Ruthenium | 0.02 to 0.04 | +/-0.005 |
| Ruthenium | 0.04 to 0.06 | +/-0.005 |
| Ruthenium | 0.08 to 0.14 | +/-0.01 |
| Silicon | 0.06 to 0.40 | +/-0.02 |
| Vanadium | 2.0 to 4.5 | +/-0.15 |
| Vanadium | 7.5 to 8.5 | +/-0.40 |
| Zirconium | 3.5 to 4.5 | +/-0.20 |
| ResidualsA (each) | 0.15 | + 0.02 |
| Grade | Tensile Strength min ksi | Tensile Strength min Mpa | Yield Strength 0.2% Offset, min, ksi | Yield Strength 0.2% Offset, min, MPA | Yield Strength 0.2% Offset, max, ksi | Yield Strength 0.2% Offset, max, MPA | Elongation In 2 in. or 50 mm Min % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 35 | (240) | 25 | (170) | 45 | (310) | 24 |
| 2 | 50 | (345) | 40 | (275) | 65 | (450) | 20 |
| 3 | 65 | (450) | 55 | (380) | 80 | (550) | 18 |
| 5 | 130 | (895) | 120 | (828) | 10 | ||
| 5B | 60 | (1103) | 150 | (1034) | 6 | ||
| 7 | 50 | (345) | 40 | (275) | 65 | (450) | 20 |
| 9 | 90 | (620) | 70 | (483) | 15 | ||
| 11 | 35 | (240) | 25 | (170) | 45 | (310) | 24 |
| 12 | 70 | (483) | 50 | (345) | 18 | ||
| 13 | 40 | (275) | 25 | (170) | 24 | ||
| 14 | 60 | (410) | 40 | (275) | 20 | ||
| 15 | 70 | (483) | 55 | (380) | 18 | ||
| 16 | 50 | (345) | 40 | (275) | 65 | (450) | 20 |
| 17 | 35 | (240) | 25 | (170) | 45 | (310) | 24 |
| 18 | 90 | (620) | 70 | (483) | 15 | ||
| 19C | 115 | (793) | 110 | (759) | 15 | ||
| 19B | 135 | (930) | 130 | (897) | 159 | (1096) | 10 |
| 19B | 165 | (1138) | 160 | (1103) | 185 | (1276) | 5 |
| 20C | 115 | (793) | 110 | (759) | 15 | ||
| 20B | 135 | (930) | 130 | (897) | 159 | (1096) | 10 |
| 20B | 165 | (1138) | 160 | (1103) | 185 | (1276) | 5 |
| 21C | 115 | (793) | 110 | (759) | 15 | ||
| 21B | 140 | (966) | 130 | (897) | 159 | (1096) | 15 |
| 21B | 170 | (1172) | 160 | (1104) | 185 | (1276) | 8 |
| 23 | 120 | (828) | 110 | (759) | 10 | ||
| 24 | 130 | (895) | 120 | (828) | 10 | ||
| 25 | 130 | (895) | 120 | (828) | 10 | ||
| 26 | 50 | (345) | 40 | (275) | 65 | (450) | 20 |
| 27 | 35 | (240) | 25 | (170) | 45 | (310) | 24 |
| 28 | 90 | (620) | 70 | (483) | 15 | ||
| 29 | 120 | (828) | 110 | (759) | 10 | ||
| 33 | 50 | (345) | 40 | (275) | 65 | (450) | 20 |
| 34 | 65 | (450) | 55 | (380) | 80 | (550) | 18 |
| 35 | 130 | (895) | 120 | (828) | 5 |
| Base Metal | Filler Metal |
|---|---|
| Grade 1 | Grade 1 |
| Grade 2 | Grade 1 or 2 |
| Grade 3 | Grade 2 or 3 |
| Grade 5 | Grade 5 or 23 |
| Grade 7 | Grade 7 or 11 |
| Grade 9 | Grade 9 |
| Grade 11 | Grade 11 |
| Grade 12 | Grade 12 |
| Grade 13 | Grade 13 |
| Grade 14 | Grade 13 or 14 |
| Grade 15 | Grade 14 or 15 |
| Grade 16 | Grade 7, 11, 16, or 17 |
| Grade 17 | Grade 11 or 17 |
| Grade 18 | Grade 18 |
| Grade 19 | Grade 19 |
| Grade 20 | Grade 20 |
| Grade 21 | Grade 21 |
| Grade 23 | Grade 23 |
| Grade 24 | Grade 24 |
| Grade 25 | Grade 25 |
| Grade 33 | Grade 33 |
| Grade 34 | Grade 33 or 34 |
| Grade 35 | Grade 35 |
| Nominal Outside Diameter (NPS)A | Permissible Variations in Outside Diameter Over | Permissible Variations in Outside Diameter Under |
|---|---|---|
| 1⁄ 2in. to 11⁄2 in. (3.2 mm to 38 mm) | ⁄ in. (0.397 mm) | ⁄ in. (0.794 mm) |
| over 11⁄2 in. to 4 in. (38 mm to 102 mm) | 1⁄32 in. (0.794 mm) | 1⁄32 in. (0.794 mm) |
| over 4 in. to 8 in. (102 mm to 203 mm) | 1⁄16 in. (1.588 mm) | 1⁄32 in. (0.794 mm) |
| over 8 in. to 18 in. (203 mm to 432 mm) | 3⁄32 in. (2.382 mm) | 1⁄32 in. (0.794 mm) |
| over 18 in. to 26 in. (432 mm to 660 mm) | 1⁄8 in. (3.175 mm) | 1⁄32 in. (0.794 mm) |
| over 26 in. to 30 in. (660 mm to 762 mm) | 5⁄32 in. (3.969 mm) | 1⁄32 in. (0.794 mm) |
| Actual Material Thickness, in. | Maximum Reinforcement, in. (mm) Circumferential Joints in Pipe | Maximum Reinforcement, in. (mm) Other Welds |
|---|---|---|
| Less than 3⁄32 | ⁄ (2.832) | ⁄ (0.794) |
| 3⁄32 to 3⁄16, incl. | ⁄ (3.175) | ⁄ (1.588) |
| Over 3⁄16 to 1⁄2, incl. | 5⁄32 (3.969) | ⁄ (2.832) |
| Over 1⁄2 to 1, incl. | 3⁄16 (4.764) | 3⁄32 (2.832) |
| Over 1 to 2, incl. | 1⁄4 (6.35) | 1⁄8 (3.175) |
| Over 2 to 3, incl. | 1⁄4 (6.35) | 5⁄32 (3.969) |
| Over 3 to 4, incl. | 1⁄4 (6.35) | 7⁄32 (5.558) |
| Over 4 to 5, incl. | 1⁄4 (6.35) | 1⁄4 (6.35) |
| Over 5 | 5⁄16 (7.94) | 5⁄16 (7.94) |
